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临空经济之父卡萨达:渝北发展临空经济优势得天独厚

2015-4-20 13:56| 发布者: 渝北热线| 查看: 1078| 评论: 0

摘要: 戴高乐机场内的奢侈品专卖店 孟菲斯机场,成群的联邦货运班机 迪拜国际机场 阿姆斯特丹机场周边的配套酒店 阿姆斯特丹机场内荷兰文化展示 ?   你相信吗?若干年后,重庆渝北或许会跟迪拜、新加坡 ...

戴高乐机场内的奢侈品专卖店

孟菲斯机场,成群的联邦货运班机

迪拜国际机场

阿姆斯特丹机场周边的配套酒店

阿姆斯特丹机场内荷兰文化展示

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  你相信吗?若干年后,重庆渝北或许会跟迪拜、新加坡、法兰克福一样,聚集来自全球各地的高端人群,成为全球重要的物流、商贸中心。这一切,都源于渝北临空都市区的打造。至少全球临空经济之父约翰 卡萨达对此充满信心。

近日,临空都市报记者专访约翰 卡萨达。他认为,以渝北区的经济发展实力与江北国际机场的发展状况而言,重庆临空经济区可行性很高。为此,打造综合交通与多式联运、顶层设计打造精品、引进重大临空偏好型项目,成为渝北区发展临空经济的重要途径。

观点

临空经济将撬动经济转型

据统计,每100万航空旅客运输量将产生1.3亿美元的经济收益、增加2500个就业岗位。因此,国际机场协会将机场喻为“经济增长的引擎”。

在中国国内,政府为临空经济发展提供了包括土地供应、财税政策等优惠政策。据中国民航管理干部学院统计,截至2013年初,中国共有50多个机场把航空大都市建设列为重要发展内容。

在卡萨达看来,机场就是物联网络的路由器,“渝北区政府意识到,通过机场集团合力,促进地区经济,很有远见”。

打造综合交通与多式联运

无论是荷兰斯基普机场、德国法兰克福还是迪拜机场,从世界范围来看,临空经济发展较好的城市,大多数机场都是集中了机场、高铁、轻轨、航运各种交通的综合立体交通枢纽。

卡萨达说,交通运输方式无缝对接,有助于实现航空城和航空大都市之间的协同效应。随着业务发展,又会反过来促进航空城的客流量和货物量的增长。

渝北区有江北机场,还坐拥火车站,紧邻寸滩港,周围具有四通八达的高速公路,在卡萨达眼里,这些是发展临空经济得天独厚的优势。

应高质量设计打造精品

作为郑州的空港经济区管理委员会首席顾问,卡萨达认为,河南郑州成为国家层面的第一个临空都市区,过去两年其商业投资约有1500亿。每年全球75%的苹果手机通过郑新机场的航线销往全球。这足以体现一个重大项目对临空经济发展的重要性。

卡萨达说:“对渝北区的临空都市区建设而言,当地政府需要将机场规划、城镇规划、商业选址规划综合起来,整个区域要采取最高质量的设计,同时着力引进高附加值的临空偏好型重大项目及相关配套,促进临空经济发展。”

链接

约翰·卡萨达的渝北情缘

据悉,作为临空经济第一人,约翰·卡萨达曾参与了波音、空客、德国汉莎航空等多个跨国公司的航空、物流发展。

“在五年前,我曾经到过重庆,参与重庆的物流和机场经济区的规划咨询工作。” 约翰·卡萨达说,他将于5月12日~15日在成都出席亚太航空城讨论会。“我很期待再次亲自来重庆参观,遗憾的是亚太地区的行程已经全部安排好,但是我很乐意在5月和渝北区的政府官员在成都会面。”

临空都市报记者 王永娟

实习生 周亚

对话

1.记者:去年重庆市渝北区全年实现地区生产总值1115.38 亿元,经济总量稳居重庆主城第一位。同时,位于渝北区的江北国际机场吞吐量2926.40万人,机场国际货运航线22条。渝北区打造临空都市区,是否具有可行性?

约翰·卡萨达:重庆拥有几乎所有的点,使它能够支持一个成功的临空经济区。江北机场的国内和国际航线在不断扩大,这座城市已经证明它能吸引高新技术产业、现代商业服务的增长。其大学可以提供高质量的劳动力,使得重庆临空经济区可行性很高。

2.记者:重庆市渝北区提出打造临空都市区,将带来哪些经济效益和社会效益?

约翰·卡萨达:重庆市作为中国西部唯一的直辖市,渝北区临空经济将不仅有助于本市经济现代化,同时服务于中央政府的“西部大开发”的发展战略,使国民经济更具竞争力。

3.记者:临空都市区建设,将带动哪些产业发展?对区域经济的发展有哪些促进作用?

约翰·卡萨达:临空都市区建设,将带动包括微电子、生物制药、航空配件、高端医疗器械、高价值农产品的崛起。此外,航空经济将吸引和维系一系列先进的商务服务企业的高管和专业人员,包括会计、审计、咨询、国际金融、市场营销等。因此,渝北区打造临空都市区将极大带动相关产业发展,促进区域经济发展。

4.记者:为支撑临空经济发展,重庆市规划了国际物流分拨中心,年处理快件8000万件。美国的内陆城市孟菲斯与重庆市有相似之处。您认为,孟菲斯哪些经验可以供重庆借鉴?

约翰·卡萨达:孟菲斯能成为国际物流配送中心的关键是引入了联邦中心。这个航空快递中心吸引了许多高新技术制造业在机场周围布局。作为内陆城市,重庆要成为中国西部的空运枢纽,不仅需要建设拥有丰富国内外航线的现代化机场,还需要有最先进的货运设施、高效的进出口海关处理、高质量的货运代理和大量的第三方物流服务商。此外,城市也需要发展临空经济型保税区,吸引更多的高新技术产业在此聚集发展。

5.记者:作为临空经济的支撑平台之一,重庆市还将打造大数据谷,重点发展大数据、跨境电商等。大数据产业在临空经济发展中,应该扮演什么角色?

约翰·卡萨达:网络时代和喷气时代已经手牵手,中国已经成为世界头号电子商务的国家。由于网络不能运送物品,电子商务通过空运便开始发展。网络的发展对航空经济很重要,因为它允许托运人和客户跟踪和追踪空运,以及更有效地管理库存。

6.记者:重庆将构建临空创新经济走廊,形成若干有特色的高科技主题园区。创新经济对临空经济又将起到哪些作用?

约翰·卡萨达:创新对于航空经济和其他经济体一样,起到了很重要的作用。然而,创新需要不断开发新产品和工艺。这意味着,重庆高科技产业的成功将取决于一流的研究型大学。为吸引临空专业人才聚集,还要城市综合配套跟上,提供高质量的住房、良好的国际学校、精致的餐厅、高档的购物场所、愉快的休闲场所等。如果没有这些城市的设施,难以吸引高科技行业。

卡萨达回复本报记者邮件全文

Dear Yongjuan,

I respond to your questions of March 5, 2015 below by number。

1.An aerotropolis is a metropolitan subregion whose infrastructure, land-use and economy are centered on an airport。 Aviation rapidly and efficiently connects China’s high-tech industries and modern business service firms to their distant suppliers ,customers and enterprise partners around the nation and throughout the world, enabling them to become more competitive and grow, thereby facilitating the economic transition of the country。

2.The airport economy helps a city become more competitive by increasing its connectivity to markets and enabling its firms to participate more efficiently in the international division of labor。 Greater connectivity attracts business and industry resulting in employment growth and rising incomes of city residents。

3.Good irport surface connectivity (road and rail) is as important as its air connectivity。Surface transportation to and from the airport should be the highest priority, followed by providing appropriately skilled labor, and land supply for business investment。

4.Growing air logistics inland requires not only a modern airport with expanding domestic and international air routes, but also state-of-the-art cargo facilities, efficient Customs processing of imports and exports, and a sufficient number of high quality freight forwarding and third-party logistics service providers。

5.Recruiting Foxconn, which employs 250,000 workers in the Zhengzhou Airport Economy Zone assembling nearly 75 percent of

iPhones sold worldwide。The Foxconn facility more than doubled the value of Henan Province exports between 2011 and 2013 and served as a magnet for other suppliers and assemblers of smartphones。Expanding their bonded zone near the airport and closely following an aerotropolis strategic roadmap that I prepared for them on infrastructure and facility planning, business planning, and urban design were important for follow-on success has proven helpful in their most recent successes that include attracting approximately 150 billion RMB in commercial investment in the last two years。

6.The key to Memphis becoming an international logistics distribution center is its FedEx hub。This air express hub has attracted many high-tech manufacturing and time-critical distribution firms to the areas surround the airport。Chongqing needs to become a regional air express hub for western China along with expanding its international air cargo airline service and third-party logistics firms。The city also needs to develop airport economy-oriented bonded zones and free trade zones to attract more high tech industry。

7.The net age and the jet age go hand-in-hand。 China has become the number one e-commerce nation in the world。 Since the web cannot ship a box, much e-commerce (especially smaller, high value products ordered over the Internet) are shipped by air。IT, in turn, is critical to the aviation economy because it allows shippers and customers to trace and track air shipments as well as manage inventories far more efficiently。

8.Innovation is an important attribute of the aviation economy as it is of all types of economies。Yet, innovation,whether it is in goods production or service provision requires human talent to develop new products and processes。This means that the success of Chongqing’s high-tech industries in the long term will depend, in part, on it having top-notch research universities near its AEZ whose labs foster product innovations and whose classrooms create innovative labor。 Recruiting high-tech talent from the outside will also require nearby urban developments that provide quality housing, good international schools, fine restaurants, upscale shopping, enjoyable leisure venues and a vibrant nightlife。Without these urban amenities, it will be particularly difficult to attract your high tech professions to Chongqing and its AEZ。

Responses to three additional questions you sent on March 6, 2015

1.Chongqing, appears to posses virtually all attributes that would enable it to support a successful AEZ。Domestic and international air routes at Jiangbei airport are adequate and expanding 。The city has already demonstrated it can attract high-tech industry。Its modern business services are growing , and its universities are producing quality labor。This makes a Chongqing AEZ highly feasible。

2.An aerotropolis in Chongqing would not only contribute immensely to the city’s economic modernization but also serve the central government’s “Go West “ development strategy and help make the national economy more competitive。

3.Industries that rise with the aviation economy include microelectronics,pharmaceuticals,digitizes auto parts, aerospace components, medical instruments, and high-value agricultural products。In addition the aviation economy attracts and sustains a range of advanced business service firms whose executives and professionals frequently travel by air to distant sites or who bring in their clients for short-term meetings, These firms , referred to as producer service firms by economists, include such sectors as accounting and auditing, architecture and engineering, consulting, corporate law, international finance, and marketing。

I will be in Zhengzhou April 22-23 for ZAEZ advisory work and Chengdu May 12-15 chairing the Asia Pacific Airport Cities conference。Is the AEZ in Chongqing currently under actual development or just proposed? If it is under development I would like to invite a top official to present on it in in Chengdu in May。 Regrettably, my Asia Pacific travel schedule from April 21- May 16 is fully booked so I will not be able to make it over to Chongqing。I did visit your dynamic city about five years ago to consult with the municipal government on logistics and airport economic zones。

Best personal wishes,

Cordially,

John

人物档案

约翰·卡萨达(John Kasarda),康奈尔大学学士和MBA,北卡罗莱纳大学博士,美国北卡罗莱纳大学柯南-弗拉格勒商学院教授,柯南民营企业研究所所长,航空商业研究中心责任人。机场驱动经济发展研究方向的美国科学促进协会院士、高级研究员。

约翰·卡萨达教授在航空城、民航基础设施、经济发展和竞争力等方面,发表了100余篇论文,出版了9本著作。是每年国际航空城会议的主席,同时是全球诸多机场的顾问。

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